A Laboratory Guide to Glycoconjugate Analysis

18. 2 Principle of FACE/Gel Retardation Assay ...349 18. 3 Labelling of Oligosaccharides with ANTS ...350 18. 4 Screening of Carbohydrate Ligands for Proteins ...352 18. 5 Measurement of Binding Constant for the Interaction Between Protein and ANTS-Labelled Carbohydrate ...355 18. 6 Measurement of Binding Constant for the Interaction Between Protein and Native Carbohydrate ...357 References ...360 ~ The Application of Capillary Affinity Electrophoresis to the Analysis _ of Carbohydrate-Protein Interactions ...361 19. 1 Introduction ...361 19. 2 Principle of CAE ...363 19. 3 Determination of Association Constants ...364 19. 4 Technical Procedures ...366 General considerations ...366 19. 5 Limitations of the Technique ...370 19. 6 Application of CAE to the Analysis of Carbohydrate-Protein Interactions ...371 19. 7 Conclusions ...375 References ...377 20. 1 Introduction ...379 Definitions ...380 20. 2 Technical Procedures ...381 20. 3 Sample Detection and Sample Recovery ...389 Autoradiography and staining ...389 Sample detection by blotting ...389 Semipreparative ACE ...390 20. 4 Analysis of Data ...391 Measuring sample mobilities - calculating a retardation coefficient ...3 91 Graphical analysis of data ...392 Interpreting ACE patterns ...393 Reverse ACE ...395 20. 5 Summary ...397 Acknowledgements ...398 References ...398 Subject Index ...399 XII List of Contributors Nebojsa Avdalovic John T. Gallagher Dionex Corporation Cancer Research Campaign Department of Medical Oncology 445 Lakeside Drive University of Manchester Sunnyvale, CA 94086 Christie CRC Research Centre Klaus Biemann Wilmslow Road Department of Chemistry Manchester M20 4BX Massachusetts Institute of Technology UK Cambridge, MA 02139-4307 USA Geoffrey R.