Advances in Glass Research

This book covers preparation methods, characterization, and applications of most glass families.It reports thefundamentals of glass, challenges in the development, traditional and new manufacturing processes, characterization techniques, structural, thermal, and optical properties. The book reviews redox reactions in glasses and the factors affecting them, in addition to the techniques for determining the redox states and speciation of polyvalent ions in glass. Aspecial chapter is dedicate to phosphateglasses, their importance, preparation methods, structureandproperties. The use of different types of phosphate glasses in biomedicine, optics, electrochemistry, and as hosts for nuclear wastes isthoroughly discussed.Moreover, the applications of phosphate glasses in electronics and laser technology are also discussed in this book. Recent experimental studies such as the development of a novel bioglass system and the influence of ZnO,TiO2,and Al2O3incorporation on structural, mechanical strength, degradation, pH variation, and formation of hydroxyapatite (Hap) layer on the glass surfaceare reported.Promising aluminum-silicate glassy system and its glass-ceramic counterpartare also presented in this books.An overview of the calorimetry approaches related to rare earth improvements on the thermal stability of glassis provided.The book discusses the advances in the chalcogenide glasses (ChGs) and based devices. It also reportstheir applications in optical devices, semiconductor circuits, and other applications. In addition, lanthanide and/or QDs doped luminescent glasses and their use in solid-state lighting and displays, security (anti-counterfeiting), optical temperature sensors, and solar energy (solar spectrum conversion)are reviewed along with a comparison of their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, the nature of phthalocyanines as materials for glass coatings and most widely used synthesis methods of porphyrins and phthalocyanines are discussed.