Advances in Plant Cold Hardiness

The negative consequences of abiotic stress are a significant contributor to the worldwide decline in agricultural production. The severe abiotic stress of cold has an impact on the total output of the world's agriculture sector. Temperatures that are too low have an effect on the global distribution, growth, and development of species that are used in agriculture. The economic viability of agricultural output is greatly jeopardized when it is subjected to the stress of cold. The cold stress could lead to significant losses in agricultural production. This work reviews and analyzes a wide range of prior studies in order to gain a deeper comprehension of the physiological and genetic factors that contribute to cold tolerance in plant species. This article discusses recent developments in the study of genes that contribute to freezing tolerance as well as the mechanisms that are involved in gene regulation and signal transmission at low temperatures. The mechanisms that are discussed in this article include freezing tolerance, gene regulation, and signal transmission. The Arabidopsis plant contains a transcription factor family called CBF/DREB1; this family makes the Arabidopsis plant more resistant to the effects of freezing temperatures on other plants. The specifics of how this mechanism works are already well understood. This research looked into a variety of novel strategies, including the application of molybdenum, for enhancing the cold tolerance of plants. With the assistance of infrared cameras, it has also been feasible to examine the effects that low temperatures have on plants.