Architecture and the Landscape of Modernity in China before 1949

This book explores Chinas encounter with architecture and modernity in the tumultuous epoch before Communism an encounter that was mediated not by a singular notion of modernism emanating from the west, but that was uniquely multifarious, deriving from a variety of sources both from the west and, importantly, from the east. The heterogeneous origins of modernity in China are what make its experience distinctive and its architectural encounters exceptional. These experiences are investigated through a re-evaluation of established knowledge of the subject within the wider landscape of modern art practices in China. The study draws on original archival and photographic material from different artistic genres and, architecturally, concentrates on Chinas engagement with the west through the treaty ports and leased territories, the emergence of architecture as a profession in China, and Japans omnipresence, not least in Manchuria, which reached its apogee in the puppet state of Manchukuo. The studys geographically, temporally, and architecturally inclusive approach framed by the concept of multiple modernities questions the application of conventional theories of modernity or post-colonialism to the Chinese situation. By challenging conventional modernist historiography that has marginalised the experiences of the wests other for much of the last century, this book proposes different ways of grappling with and comprehending the distinction and complexity of Chinas experiences and its encounter with architectural modernity.