Art and Science of Operational Maneuver

This monograph examines the concept of operational maneuver from a theoretical and historical perspective. It suggests a framework for the development of operational maneuver concepts. The monograph first defines the terminology associated with operational maneuver. Movement, mobility, and maneuver are distinct concepts which form the basis for understanding operational maneuver. Next, the monograph examines operational maneuver theory in terms of leverage, concentration, and risk. These elements form a framework which facilitates the design of operational maneuver concepts early in a campaign. The subsequent examination of several historical examples, both successful and unsuccessful, illustrates the applicability of the suggested framework. Operational commanders who developed viable concepts early and appreciated the elements of the framework achieved decisive results. Finally, two implications for current U.S. doctrine emerge. First, operational maneuver theory must be articulated to and understood by leaders at all levels. Secondly, operational commanders must exercise the theory to develop a capability which is essential on the Airland battlefield.