Basic Food Safety for Health Workers

A practical guide to basic principles and practices aimed at reducing the incidence of foodborne illness at both family and community levels. Addressed to health workers and their trainers, the book responds to the magnitude of health problems caused by foodborne illness, particularly in young children, the elderly, and other vulnerable groups. Although all components of food safety are covered, particular emphasis is placed on the hazards posed by the presence of pathogenic microorganisms in food. The book has seven chapters. The first introduces the problem of foodborne illness, discusses its health and economic consequences, and explains the concepts of infection, intoxication, and infectious dose. Chapter two, on foodborne hazards, gives a detailed account of the many biological, chemical, and physical hazards that can compromise food safety. Against this background, chapter three explains the processes of microbial contamination, growth, and survival as the main causes of outbreaks of foodborne illness. Particular attention is given to factors, such as hygiene, temperature, time, nutrient and oxygen requirements, storage and packaging, that carry lessons relevant to safe food preparation and processing. Hazards associated with different foods are considered in the next chapter, which provides a guide to the risks posed by meat and poultry, eggs, milk and dairy products, fish and shellfish, fruits and vegetables, cereals, and bottled waters. Chapter five considers both traditional and modern industrial technologies that can prevent contamination, control microbial growth, or remove or kill microorganisms in food. The remaining chapters outline the principles of good hygiene in family food preparation and mass catering, and discuss what health workers can do to alleviate the problem of foodborne illness, particularly in young children. The book concludes with an extensive table setting out basic facts about the epidemiology of over 30 foodborne illnesses.