Calvin Meets Voltaire

In 1754, Voltaire, one of the most famous and provocative writers of the period, moved to the city of Geneva. Little time passed before he instigated conflict with the clergy and city as he publicly maligned the memory of John Calvin, promoted the culture of the French theater, and incited political unrest within Genevan society. Conflict with the clergy reached a fever pitch in 1757 when Jean dAlembert published the article Genve for the Encyclopdie. Much to the consternation of the clergy, his article both castigated Calvin and depicted his clerical legacy as Socinian. Since then, little has been resolved over the theological position of Calvins clerical legacy while much has been made of their declining significance in Genevan life during the Enlightenment era. Based upon a decade of research on the sources at Genevas Archives d'tat and Bibliothque de Genve, this book provides the first comprehensive monograph devoted to Genevas Enlightenment clergy. Examination of the social, political, theological, and cultural encounter of the Reformation with the Enlightenment in the figurative meeting of Calvin and Voltaire brings to light the life, work, and thought of Genevas eighteenth-century clergy. In addition to examination of the convergence with the philosophes, prosopographical research uncovers clerical demographics at work. Furthermore, the nature of clerical involvement in Genevan society and periods of political unrest are considered along with the discovery of a Reasonable Calvinism at work in the public preaching and liturgy of Genevan worship. This research moves Genevas narrative beyond a simplistic paradigm of decline and secularization, offers further evidence for a revisionist understanding of the Enlightenments engagement with religion, and locates Genevas clergy squarely in the newly emerging category of the Religious Enlightenment. Finally, the significance of French policy from the Revocat