Capillary Mechanics

This book is a compilation of over a decade's worth of insights from the authors' research group on dynamic risk assessment and intelligent early warning systems. Highly technical approaches are provided to address the engineering requirements for the safe operation of complex systems in oil and gas production. These involve various methods and techniques for using real-time process monitoring parameters, images, texts, and line-of-sight tracking technology to develop the theories, methods, and techniques of early intelligent early warning of risks in complex systems of oil and gas production. Real case applications for typical oil and gas production systems such as petroleum refining systems, unconventional oil and gas fracturing systems, and offshore oil and gas exploitation are also examined, which will benefit the readers in both practical safety management and scientific research.This book begins with a discussion of the main risk factors and features of oil and gas production systems, reviewing the state-of-art research and practice on early warning of risks through oil and gas production. Following this, different approaches of intelligent early-warning technology are developed based on various data sources: the real-time monitoring of process parameters through shale gas fracturing construction; the infrared thermal imaging video surveillance for the oil and gas exploration equipment; the text records on historical accidents and incidents; the eye movement data of operators for behavioral safety tracking. Lastly, this book discusses the practical applications of the early warning of risks in shale gas fracturing systems, multi-level correlation early warning in refining and chemical plants, and early warning of abnormal events in deepwater oil and gas exploitation.