Conquest to Dissolution 1067-1538

In 1066 eastern Sussex was the beachhead for the successful invasion of England by Duke

William II of Normandy. He was crowned William I, King of England, at Christmas 1066

and 1067 was the first year of the Normanisation of England. 1538 saw the dissolution

of the major monasteries and abbeys including those of Battle and Robertsbridge, and the

start of the English Reformation.

How did William and his successors, from the houses of Normandy and Blois, via the

Angevin and Plantagenet kings, through the Wars of the Roses to the rise of the Tudors

change eastern Sussex? Most of the history is hidden away in ancient documents, but some

remains visible, in the ruins of old abbeys and castles and in the landscape itself.

Before 1066 eastern Sussex appears to have been somewhat separate from the sub-

Kingdoms of Sussex - and many would say it still is. It was more influenced by the Kingdom

of Kent to the east than the rather fragmented Sussex to the west. It was at times called

Hastingas - which existed from about the 6th to the early 11th centuries. This evolved

to became the part of Sussex called the Rape of Hastings, which, with the Hundred of

Pevensey, makes up '1066 Country': eastern Sussex. It stretches from Pevensey to Rye, and

inland from the coast to the Kentish boundary. Battle and its abbey sits at its heart, on the

site of the Battle of Hastings.

The ways in which Battle, Bexhill, Pevensey, Robertsbridge, Rye, Winchelsea and all of

eastern Sussex evolved between 1067 and 1538 are covered in this book. It also acts as a

guide book to further reading about the more complex issues.