Czars in the White House

When Barack Obama entered the White House, he faced numerous urgent issues. Despite the citizens demand for strong presidential leadership, President Obama, following a long-standing precedent for the development and implementation of major policies, appointed administrators - so-called policy czars - charged with directing theresponse to the nations most pressing crises. Combining public administration and political science approaches to the study of the American presidency and institutional politics, Justin S. Vaughn and Jos D. Villalobos argue that the creation of policy czars is a strategy for combating partisan polarization and navigating the federalgovernments complexity. They present a series of in-depth analyses of the appointment, role, and power of various czars: the energy czar in the mid-1970s, the drug czar in the late 1980s, the AIDS czar in the 1990s, George W. Bushs national security czars after 9/11, and Obamas controversial czars for key domestic issues. Laying aside inflammatory political rhetoric, Vaughn and Villalobos offer a sober, empirical analysis of precisely what constitutes a czar, why Obama and his predecessors used czars, and what role they have played in the modern presidency.