Effects Based Manning

For nearly 15 years, the author has observed how the military trains and fights wars at the tactical level. During the first few years, it was accepted how the combat air forces (CAF) trained and employed, but through experience the author began to reflect on how the Services could improve training. Recent combat operations demonstrated the fantastic capability of the US military, along with the many heroes overcoming complicated tasks due to joint integration problems. Some of these problems are self-induced and caused by the military's failure to capitalize on the true intent of joint integration - joint employment. Efforts have been made to fix joint employment problems though most have only focused on the easily identifiable problems. It is necessary to go beyond the simple solutions to find a core issue within the obscure art of joint employment.