Empowered by Design

In her probing book, Empowered by Design, Meg Rincker asks, Under what conditions will decentralization lead to womens empowerment in countries around the globe? Using three case studiesthe United Kingdom, Poland, and Pakistanshe shows how decentralization reforms create new institutional offices as power shifts from the national level to a meso-tier level, which is located between the national government and local municipalities. These shifts impact a countrys political, administrative, and fiscal reforms as well as womens representation. Rincker argues that this shift should be inclusive of womenor at least lead more women to participate in institutionsbut this is not always the case. She indicates that three conditions, the gender policy trifecta, need to be met to achieve this: legislative gender quotas, womens policy agencies, and gender-responsive budgeting at the level of governance in question. Rincker's innovative research uses original comparative data about what women want, quantitative cross-national analyses, and interviews with womens organization leaders and politicians to show how cross-institutional policymaking can empower women. Rinckers fine-grained analysis makes a significant contribution to the study of representation and gendered implications of decentralization, as well as how representatives go about understanding and aggregating our diverse policy preferences.