Genetical and Physiological Studies on Fresh Water Fish

The biochemical, physiological analysis and the genetical studies for (Oreochromis niloticus, Oreochromis aureus and Clarius gariepinus) from Abbassa, Manzala, Altal-Alkaber, Shader Azam and Borolos in Egypt. The pollution of zinc, copper and nitrite was increased in water and fish organs at Altal Alkaber. Lead and iron increased in water and fish organs at Shader Azam and Manzala. The pollution decreased in Abbassa and Borolos. The heavy metals increased in liver more than gills and muscles. R.B.Cs, Hb, P.C.V and activity of ALT & AST and Liver glycogen decreased in Manzalla. Plasma total protein increased in fish of Shader Azam. Total lipids in Oreochromis niloticus and Oreochromis aureus increased in Manzala. Urea and creatinine increased in Oreochromis aureus from Altal Alkaber. The induction of aberrant cells increased in the three species collected from five locations except Abbassa (O. niloticus, O. aureus), but the aberrant cells from gill filaments of Clarias gariepinus were increased in Manzalla and Shader Azam. We concluded that water pollutants have had an affect on biochemical, physiological and genotoxic effect on the properties of fishes exposed to it.