Horizons in Cancer Research

This book presents original results on the leading edge of cancer research. Lipomas are extremely common benign lesions, representing the most common softtissue tumor, with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations and imaging appearances. Several subtypes are described, ranging from lesions entirely composed of mature adipose tissue to tumors intimately associated with nonadipose tissue, to those composed of brown fat. Chapter one begins with an overview of the available evidence about the classification, clinical manifestations, diagnostic tests and treatment options of lipomas. The following three chapters examine parosteal lipomas and giant lipomas. Chapter five studies the first literary description of cavernous angiolipoma of the subcutis in a 75-year-old man, delivering a new lipomatous entity. Chapter six focuses on immune plasticity and susceptibility to cancer from fanconi anemia, which is characterised as a genetic disorder of genomic instability, with main clinical symptoms involving congenital abnormalities, infertility, bone marrow failure and a predisposition to the development of several types of cancer, especially acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and head and neck carcinomas. Chapter seven discusses radiotherapy for patients with fanconi anemia. Chapters eight and nine examine the effects of ursolic acid (UA) and flavonol-enriched extract (FL) on the cell cycle behaviour of DU145 human prostate cancer cells in vitro. Chapter ten describes the most current advances made in characterising the role of PLA2 in tumor development and progression, as well as highlight some of our most recent studies involving iPLA2 and cancer. The remaining chapters discuss the preclinical rationale for targeting human EGFR and recent clinical reports of targeted agents in esophageal cancer; study the pharmaceutical properties and drug likeness of anticancer drugs administered for the clinical treatment of lung cancer; and covers the epidemiology, different etiology and pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma.