Keesha M. Middlemass, Ph.D., is an associate professor of public policy in the Department of Political Science at Howard University in Washington, D.C. She specializes in studying race, reentry, food insecurity, and public policies using interdisciplinary frameworks to integrate knowledge from different disciplines and across multiple data sources, including participant observations, in-depth interviews, focus groups, policy analysis, and archival research. Her most recent book, Convicted & Condemned: The Politics and Policies of Prisoner Reentry, won the W.E.B. DuBois Distinguished Book Award in 2018. Her research is also published in Public Health Nutrition, International Journal of Eating Disorders, Aggressive Behavior, Criminal Justice & Behavior, The Prison Journal, and Punishment & Society. Dr. Middlemass is a member of the Racial Democracy, Crime and Justice Network, a former Andrew Mellon Post-Doctoral Fellow on Race, Crime and Justice at the Vera Institute of Justice in New York City, and a former American Political Science Association Congressional Fellow. Dr. Middlemass earned her Ph.D. in public policy, American politics, and public administration from The School of Public & International Affairs at the University of Georgia.CalvinJohn Smiley, Ph.D., is an assistant professor of sociology in the Department of Sociology at Hunter College–City of New York (CUNY). He specializes in studying race, reentry, and citizenship. His work is published in numerous peer-reviewed journals such as: The Prison Journal, Race Ethnicity and Education, Punishment & Society, Deviant Behavior, Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, and Contemporary Justice Review. He is currently working on a book manuscript based on his research on reentry that explores the various ways men and women navigate the reentry process with diminished legal rights and amplified social stigmas. His future work will investigate the role of human and nonhuman interactions, particularly in carceral settings (e.g., prison-based animal therapy programs). Dr. Smiley is a member of American Sociological Association, American Society of Criminology, and Kappa Alpha Psi Inc. He is the Vice-President of the Board of Trustees of the New Jersey Association on Corrections. Dr. Smiley earned his Ph.D. in Sociology from the CUNY Graduate Center.

• List of TablesList of ContributorsIntroduction: Critical Reentry in the 21st CenturyKEESHA M. MIDDLEMASS AND CALVINJOHN SMILEYSECTION IInstitutions, Community, and Reentry1 Halfway Home: The Thin Line Between Abstinence and the Drug CrisisLIAM MARTIN2 Triaging Rehabilitation: The Retreat of State-Funded Prison ProgrammingALLISON GORGA3 The State’s Accomplices? Organizations and the Penal StateNICOLE KAUFMAN4 Idaho: A Case Study in Rural ReentryDEIRDRE CAPUTO-LEVINE5 Life Courses of Sex and Violent Offenders After Prison Release: The Interaction Between Individual- and Community-Related FactorsGUNDA WOESSNER, KIRA-SOPHIE GAUDER, AND DAVID CZUDNOCHOWSKISECTION IIHealth, Embodiment, and Reentry6 Mothers Returning Home: A Critical Intersectional Approach to ReentryREBECCA REVIERE, VERNETTA D. YOUNG, AND AKIV DAWSON7 Release From Long-Term Restrictive HousingLINDA CARSON8 Resilient Roads and the Non-Prison Model for WomenL. SUSAN WILLIAMS, EDWARD L. W. GREEN, AND KATRINA M. LEWIS9 Alcohol Use Disorder: Programs and Treatment for Offenders Reentering the CommunitySARA BUCK DOUDE AND JESSICA J. SPARKS10 Carceral Calisthenics: (Body) Building a Resilient Self and Transformative Reentry MovementALBERT DE LA TIERRASECTION IIIGender, Criminality, and Reentry11 Black Women Excluded From Protection and Criminalized for Their ExistenceKEESHA M. MIDDLEMASS12 The Gendered Challenges of Prisoner ReentryHALEY ZETTLER13 An Intersectional Criminology Analysis of Black Women’s Collective ResistanceNISHAUN T. BATTLE AND JASON M. WILLIAMS14 Gender Differences in Programmatic Needs for JuvenilesLAURIN PARKER AND KYLIE PARROTTA15 Prison Is a Place to Teach Us the Things We’ve Never Learned in LifeBREEA WILLINGHAMSECTION IVAccess, Rights, and Reentry16 “. . . Except Sex Offenders”: Registering Sexual Harm in the Age of #MeTooDAVID BOOTH17 Reentry in the Inland Empire: The Prison to College Pipeline With Project ReboundANNIKA YVETTE ANDERSON, PAUL ANDREW JONES, AND CAROLYN ANNE MCALLISTER18 The Politics of Restoring Voting Rights After IncarcerationTANEISHA N. MEANS AND ALEXANDRA HATCH19 Restoration of Voting Rights: Returning Citizensand the Florida ElectorateKENESHIA GRANT20 Perpetual Punishment: One Man’s Journey Post-IncarcerationTOMAS R. MONTALVO AND JENNIFER MARIE ORTIZSECTION VVoices, Agency, and Reentry21 Thoughts, Concerns, and the Reality of Incarcerated WomenCALVINJOHN SMILEY AND KEESHA M. MIDDLEMASS22 Reflections on Reentry: Voices From the ID13 Prison Literacy ProjectHALLE M. NEIDERMAN, CHRISTOPHER P. DUM, AND THE ID13 PRISON LITERACY PROJECT23 Being Held at Rikers, Waiting to Go UpstateMARQUES M.24 Reentry, From My PerspectiveABDUL-HALIM N. SHAHID25 The Journey of a Black Man Enveloped in PovertySTEVEN PACHECO26 My First 24 Hours After Being ReleasedJOSE LUMBRERASSECTION VIActivism, Liberation, and Reentry27 Money for Freedom: Cash Bail, Incarceration, and ReentryCALVINJOHN SMILEY28 Agents of Change in Healing Our CommunitiesLIZA CHOWDHURY, JASON DAVIS, AND DEDRIC “BELOVED” HAMMOND29 Rehabilitation Is Reentry: Breathing Space, a Product of Inmate DreamsROBERT GAROT30 Making Good One Semester at a Time: Formerly Incarcerated Students (and Their Professor) Consider the Redemptive Power of Inclusive EducationJAMES M. BINNALL, IRENE SOTELO, ADRIAN VASQUEZ, AND JOE LOUIS HERNANDEZ31 “I Can’t Depend on No Reentry Program!”: Street-Identified Black Men’s Critical Reflections on Prison ReentryYASSER ARAFAT PAYNE, TARA MARIE BROWN, AND CORRY WRIGHTConclusion: What’s Next for Critical ReentryCALVINJOHN SMILEY AND KEESHA M. MIDDLEMASSIndex

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Keesha M. Middlemass, Ph.D., is an associate professor of public policy in the Department of Political Science at Howard University in Washington, D.C. She specializes in studying race, reentry, food insecurity, and public policies using interdisciplinary frameworks to integrate knowledge from different disciplines and across multiple data sources, including participant observations, in-depth interviews, focus groups, policy analysis, and archival research. Her most recent book, Convicted & Condemned: The Politics and Policies of Prisoner Reentry, won the W.E.B. DuBois Distinguished Book Award in 2018. Her research is also published in Public Health Nutrition, International Journal of Eating Disorders, Aggressive Behavior, Criminal Justice & Behavior, The Prison Journal, and Punishment & Society. Dr. Middlemass is a member of the Racial Democracy, Crime and Justice Network, a former Andrew Mellon Post-Doctoral Fellow on Race, Crime and Justice at the Vera Institute of Justice in New York City, and a former American Political Science Association Congressional Fellow. Dr. Middlemass earned her Ph.D. in public policy, American politics, and public administration from The School of Public & International Affairs at the University of Georgia.CalvinJohn Smiley, Ph.D., is an assistant professor of sociology in the Department of Sociology at Hunter College–City of New York (CUNY). He specializes in studying race, reentry, and citizenship. His work is published in numerous peer-reviewed journals such as: The Prison Journal, Race Ethnicity and Education, Punishment & Society, Deviant Behavior, Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, and Contemporary Justice Review. He is currently working on a book manuscript based on his research on reentry that explores the various ways men and women navigate the reentry process with diminished legal rights and amplified social stigmas. His future work will investigate the role of human and nonhuman interactions, particularly in carceral settings (e.g., prison-based animal therapy programs). Dr. Smiley is a member of American Sociological Association, American Society of Criminology, and Kappa Alpha Psi Inc. He is the Vice-President of the Board of Trustees of the New Jersey Association on Corrections. Dr. Smiley earned his Ph.D. in Sociology from the CUNY Graduate Center.

• List of TablesList of ContributorsIntroduction: Critical Reentry in the 21st CenturyKEESHA M. MIDDLEMASS AND CALVINJOHN SMILEYSECTION IInstitutions, Community, and Reentry1 Halfway Home: The Thin Line Between Abstinence and the Drug CrisisLIAM MARTIN2 Triaging Rehabilitation: The Retreat of State-Funded Prison ProgrammingALLISON GORGA3 The State’s Accomplices? Organizations and the Penal StateNICOLE KAUFMAN4 Idaho: A Case Study in Rural ReentryDEIRDRE CAPUTO-LEVINE5 Life Courses of Sex and Violent Offenders After Prison Release: The Interaction Between Individual- and Community-Related FactorsGUNDA WOESSNER, KIRA-SOPHIE GAUDER, AND DAVID CZUDNOCHOWSKISECTION IIHealth, Embodiment, and Reentry6 Mothers Returning Home: A Critical Intersectional Approach to ReentryREBECCA REVIERE, VERNETTA D. YOUNG, AND AKIV DAWSON7 Release From Long-Term Restrictive HousingLINDA CARSON8 Resilient Roads and the Non-Prison Model for WomenL. SUSAN WILLIAMS, EDWARD L. W. GREEN, AND KATRINA M. LEWIS9 Alcohol Use Disorder: Programs and Treatment for Offenders Reentering the CommunitySARA BUCK DOUDE AND JESSICA J. SPARKS10 Carceral Calisthenics: (Body) Building a Resilient Self and Transformative Reentry MovementALBERT DE LA TIERRASECTION IIIGender, Criminality, and Reentry11 Black Women Excluded From Protection and Criminalized for Their ExistenceKEESHA M. MIDDLEMASS12 The Gendered Challenges of Prisoner ReentryHALEY ZETTLER13 An Intersectional Criminology Analysis of Black Women’s Collective ResistanceNISHAUN T. BATTLE AND JASON M. WILLIAMS14 Gender Differences in Programmatic Needs for JuvenilesLAURIN PARKER AND KYLIE PARROTTA15 Prison Is a Place to Teach Us the Things We’ve Never Learned in LifeBREEA WILLINGHAMSECTION IVAccess, Rights, and Reentry16 “. . . Except Sex Offenders”: Registering Sexual Harm in the Age of #MeTooDAVID BOOTH17 Reentry in the Inland Empire: The Prison to College Pipeline With Project ReboundANNIKA YVETTE ANDERSON, PAUL ANDREW JONES, AND CAROLYN ANNE MCALLISTER18 The Politics of Restoring Voting Rights After IncarcerationTANEISHA N. MEANS AND ALEXANDRA HATCH19 Restoration of Voting Rights: Returning Citizensand the Florida ElectorateKENESHIA GRANT20 Perpetual Punishment: One Man’s Journey Post-IncarcerationTOMAS R. MONTALVO AND JENNIFER MARIE ORTIZSECTION VVoices, Agency, and Reentry21 Thoughts, Concerns, and the Reality of Incarcerated WomenCALVINJOHN SMILEY AND KEESHA M. MIDDLEMASS22 Reflections on Reentry: Voices From the ID13 Prison Literacy ProjectHALLE M. NEIDERMAN, CHRISTOPHER P. DUM, AND THE ID13 PRISON LITERACY PROJECT23 Being Held at Rikers, Waiting to Go UpstateMARQUES M.24 Reentry, From My PerspectiveABDUL-HALIM N. SHAHID25 The Journey of a Black Man Enveloped in PovertySTEVEN PACHECO26 My First 24 Hours After Being ReleasedJOSE LUMBRERASSECTION VIActivism, Liberation, and Reentry27 Money for Freedom: Cash Bail, Incarceration, and ReentryCALVINJOHN SMILEY28 Agents of Change in Healing Our CommunitiesLIZA CHOWDHURY, JASON DAVIS, AND DEDRIC “BELOVED” HAMMOND29 Rehabilitation Is Reentry: Breathing Space, a Product of Inmate DreamsROBERT GAROT30 Making Good One Semester at a Time: Formerly Incarcerated Students (and Their Professor) Consider the Redemptive Power of Inclusive EducationJAMES M. BINNALL, IRENE SOTELO, ADRIAN VASQUEZ, AND JOE LOUIS HERNANDEZ31 “I Can’t Depend on No Reentry Program!”: Street-Identified Black Men’s Critical Reflections on Prison ReentryYASSER ARAFAT PAYNE, TARA MARIE BROWN, AND CORRY WRIGHTConclusion: What’s Next for Critical ReentryCALVINJOHN SMILEY AND KEESHA M. MIDDLEMASSIndex

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Keesha M. Middlemass, Ph.D., is an associate professor of public policy in the Department of Political Science at Howard University in Washington, D.C. She specializes in studying race, reentry, food insecurity, and public policies using interdisciplinary frameworks to integrate knowledge from different disciplines and across multiple data sources, including participant observations, in-depth interviews, focus groups, policy analysis, and archival research. Her most recent book, Convicted & Condemned: The Politics and Policies of Prisoner Reentry, won the W.E.B. DuBois Distinguished Book Award in 2018. Her research is also published in Public Health Nutrition, International Journal of Eating Disorders, Aggressive Behavior, Criminal Justice & Behavior, The Prison Journal, and Punishment & Society. Dr. Middlemass is a member of the Racial Democracy, Crime and Justice Network, a former Andrew Mellon Post-Doctoral Fellow on Race, Crime and Justice at the Vera Institute of Justice in New York City, and a former American Political Science Association Congressional Fellow. Dr. Middlemass earned her Ph.D. in public policy, American politics, and public administration from The School of Public & International Affairs at the University of Georgia.CalvinJohn Smiley, Ph.D., is an assistant professor of sociology in the Department of Sociology at Hunter College–City of New York (CUNY). He specializes in studying race, reentry, and citizenship. His work is published in numerous peer-reviewed journals such as: The Prison Journal, Race Ethnicity and Education, Punishment & Society, Deviant Behavior, Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, and Contemporary Justice Review. He is currently working on a book manuscript based on his research on reentry that explores the various ways men and women navigate the reentry process with diminished legal rights and amplified social stigmas. His future work will investigate the role of human and nonhuman interactions, particularly in carceral settings (e.g., prison-based animal therapy programs). Dr. Smiley is a member of American Sociological Association, American Society of Criminology, and Kappa Alpha Psi Inc. He is the Vice-President of the Board of Trustees of the New Jersey Association on Corrections. Dr. Smiley earned his Ph.D. in Sociology from the CUNY Graduate Center.

• List of TablesList of ContributorsIntroduction: Critical Reentry in the 21st CenturyKEESHA M. MIDDLEMASS AND CALVINJOHN SMILEYSECTION IInstitutions, Community, and Reentry1 Halfway Home: The Thin Line Between Abstinence and the Drug CrisisLIAM MARTIN2 Triaging Rehabilitation: The Retreat of State-Funded Prison ProgrammingALLISON GORGA3 The State’s Accomplices? Organizations and the Penal StateNICOLE KAUFMAN4 Idaho: A Case Study in Rural ReentryDEIRDRE CAPUTO-LEVINE5 Life Courses of Sex and Violent Offenders After Prison Release: The Interaction Between Individual- and Community-Related FactorsGUNDA WOESSNER, KIRA-SOPHIE GAUDER, AND DAVID CZUDNOCHOWSKISECTION IIHealth, Embodiment, and Reentry6 Mothers Returning Home: A Critical Intersectional Approach to ReentryREBECCA REVIERE, VERNETTA D. YOUNG, AND AKIV DAWSON7 Release From Long-Term Restrictive HousingLINDA CARSON8 Resilient Roads and the Non-Prison Model for WomenL. SUSAN WILLIAMS, EDWARD L. W. GREEN, AND KATRINA M. LEWIS9 Alcohol Use Disorder: Programs and Treatment for Offenders Reentering the CommunitySARA BUCK DOUDE AND JESSICA J. SPARKS10 Carceral Calisthenics: (Body) Building a Resilient Self and Transformative Reentry MovementALBERT DE LA TIERRASECTION IIIGender, Criminality, and Reentry11 Black Women Excluded From Protection and Criminalized for Their ExistenceKEESHA M. MIDDLEMASS12 The Gendered Challenges of Prisoner ReentryHALEY ZETTLER13 An Intersectional Criminology Analysis of Black Women’s Collective ResistanceNISHAUN T. BATTLE AND JASON M. WILLIAMS14 Gender Differences in Programmatic Needs for JuvenilesLAURIN PARKER AND KYLIE PARROTTA15 Prison Is a Place to Teach Us the Things We’ve Never Learned in LifeBREEA WILLINGHAMSECTION IVAccess, Rights, and Reentry16 “. . . Except Sex Offenders”: Registering Sexual Harm in the Age of #MeTooDAVID BOOTH17 Reentry in the Inland Empire: The Prison to College Pipeline With Project ReboundANNIKA YVETTE ANDERSON, PAUL ANDREW JONES, AND CAROLYN ANNE MCALLISTER18 The Politics of Restoring Voting Rights After IncarcerationTANEISHA N. MEANS AND ALEXANDRA HATCH19 Restoration of Voting Rights: Returning Citizensand the Florida ElectorateKENESHIA GRANT20 Perpetual Punishment: One Man’s Journey Post-IncarcerationTOMAS R. MONTALVO AND JENNIFER MARIE ORTIZSECTION VVoices, Agency, and Reentry21 Thoughts, Concerns, and the Reality of Incarcerated WomenCALVINJOHN SMILEY AND KEESHA M. MIDDLEMASS22 Reflections on Reentry: Voices From the ID13 Prison Literacy ProjectHALLE M. NEIDERMAN, CHRISTOPHER P. DUM, AND THE ID13 PRISON LITERACY PROJECT23 Being Held at Rikers, Waiting to Go UpstateMARQUES M.24 Reentry, From My PerspectiveABDUL-HALIM N. SHAHID25 The Journey of a Black Man Enveloped in PovertySTEVEN PACHECO26 My First 24 Hours After Being ReleasedJOSE LUMBRERASSECTION VIActivism, Liberation, and Reentry27 Money for Freedom: Cash Bail, Incarceration, and ReentryCALVINJOHN SMILEY28 Agents of Change in Healing Our CommunitiesLIZA CHOWDHURY, JASON DAVIS, AND DEDRIC “BELOVED” HAMMOND29 Rehabilitation Is Reentry: Breathing Space, a Product of Inmate DreamsROBERT GAROT30 Making Good One Semester at a Time: Formerly Incarcerated Students (and Their Professor) Consider the Redemptive Power of Inclusive EducationJAMES M. BINNALL, IRENE SOTELO, ADRIAN VASQUEZ, AND JOE LOUIS HERNANDEZ31 “I Can’t Depend on No Reentry Program!”: Street-Identified Black Men’s Critical Reflections on Prison ReentryYASSER ARAFAT PAYNE, TARA MARIE BROWN, AND CORRY WRIGHTConclusion: What’s Next for Critical ReentryCALVINJOHN SMILEY AND KEESHA M. MIDDLEMASSIndex

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