Risks Associated with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Women

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as a type of diabetes first diagnosed during pregnancy. Incidence of GDM varies from 2% to 14% globally and it is increasing. Maternal glucose has been associated with a risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in a linear manner.Age, BMI, family history, high blood pressure and socioeconomic status are the major risk factors in gestational diabetic women of 21-35 years of age. The risk of developing gestational diabetes is higher in pregnant women having family history or past history. Increasing age and BMI are the factors contributing to gestational diabetes. Age >25 years, obesity, family history of diabetes, and past history of GDM are significant risk factors in GDM population.