Social Treatment

The book has two principal purposes: To provide an introduction to interpersonal helping in the context of social work practice, and to develop a conceptual framework for interpersonal helping --called social treatment--that will enable the social worker and members of other helping professions effectively to use all the various methods and strategies currently practiced. The book offers an orderly and systematic way of proceeding through a complex and often confused area of practice; in it, large issues--such as remediation versus prevention--are explored along with concrete suggestions for intervention with individuals, families, and small groups. Theoretical systems are considered not merely for the techniques they suggest but also for the values and views of man inherent in them. The helping process itself is analyzed from the point of view of the consumer as well as the worker. A conceptual framework for practice is developed that allows for systematic eclecticism in theory and technique, providing a framework for evaluating and comparing different methods of social treatment. The author defines social treatment as "an approach to interpersonal helping which utilizes direct and indirect strategies of intervention to aid individuals, families, and small groups in improving social functioning and coping with social problems." Beginning with a discussion of the concept of remediation within the context of the larger contemporary issues of social reform and environmental protection, Professor Whittaker proceeds to consider several critical issues in present social work practice, such as client advocacy, service delivery systems, and professionalization. Subsequent chapters discuss the multiple roles that social work practitioners perform, the major theoretical bases of social treatment, the treatment sequence from intake to after care, and the full range of helping activities that practitioners undertake indirectly on behalf of their clients. The final chapter explores current trends and future directions in social treatment. In the Appendix, a framework for evaluating methods of interpersonal helping is developed and 21 approaches to social treatment are described and resource bibliographies are provided. This book--brief, lucid, and systematic--is a major step toward that redefinition, and will be invaluable to beginning students and advanced practitioners in social work and in all the other professional and paraprofessional fields engaged in providing human services. James K. Whittaker is Charles O. Cressey endowed professor in the School of Social Work, University of Washington. He is a frequent consultant on child care training both in the Seattle area and nationally and is a consultant on research and training to the Child Development and Mental Retardation Center, University of Washington. He has served as director of the Social Welfare Program. He is also a founding member of the International Association for Outcome-Based Evaluation & Research on Family and Children's Services in Italy as well as an associate board member of European Scientific Association for Residential and Foster Care for Children and Adolescents in Belgium.