Stability Operations Infrastructure Reconstruction as a Weapon System

Infrastructure reconstruction is a key component of stability operations and one that has plagued U.S. military operations in recent conflicts. Cost overruns, delays, corruption, sustainability and security have all become impediments to success. This research seeks to evaluate some successes and failures of Department of Defense (DoD) infrastructure reconstruction in Afghanistan and Iraq. This analysis first presents host nation characteristics and describes the post reconstruction needs for each host nation. Next, this analysis examines specific infrastructure reconstruction projects using testimony, audits and inspection reports. The findings support recommendations for future infrastructure reconstruction. This research supports three progressive stages to infrastructure development: Emergency Relief, Reconstruction and Development. Additionally, conditions required to progress through these stages include adequate state capacity, security, engineering and oversight.