The Eye of the Eagle

John Donnes family were committed Catholics. His two uncles were Jesuits. One of them, Jasper Heywood, was the leader of the Jesuit mission in England, while Donnes mother was a recusant who was forced to leave the country in 1595. In this detailed and historically contextualized study, the author argues that Donne was greatly influenced in his journey from militant Roman Catholicism to ordination in the Church of England by Ignatius of Loyolas religious ideals and in particular by his Spiritual Exercises. The book describes the pervasive influence of the Spiritual Exercises on late sixteenth- and early seventeenth-century Catholicism and Protestantism. In this light, it offers a close reading of Donnes preordination religious poems and prose with constant reference to the sermons. These works are usually read through the tinted lenses of Catholicism or Protestantism or other religious -isms. The reading proposed here argues instead that Ignatiuss Spiritual Exercises were for Donne a means to transcend the simplistic and perilous divisions of contemporary Catholicism and Protestantism.