Triangulations

Just as mariners use triangulation, mapping an imaginary triangle between two known positions and an unknown location, so, David J. Vazquez contends, Latino authors in late twentieth-century America employ the coordinates of familiar ideas of self to find their way to new, complex identities. Through this metaphor, Vazquez reveals how Latino autobiographical texts, written after the rise of cultural nationalism in the 1960s, challenge mainstream notions of individual identity and national belonging in the United States. In a traditional autobiographical work, the protagonist frequently opts out of his or her community. In the works that Vazquez analyzes in Triangulations, protagonists instead opt in to collective groups-often for the express political purpose of redefining that collective. Reading texts by authors such as Ernesto Galarza, Jesus Colon, Piri Thomas, Oscar "Zeta" Acosta, Judith Ortiz Cofer, John Rechy, Julia Alvarez, and Sandra Cisneros, Vazquez engages debates about the relationship between literature and social movements, the role of cultural nationalism in projects for social justice, the gender and sexual problematics of 1960s cultural nationalist groups, the possibilities for interethnic coalitions, and the interpretation of autobiography. In the process, Triangulations considers the potential for cultural nationalism as a productive force for aggrieved communities of color in their struggles for equality.