Where Did the Eastern Mayas Go?

Copublished with the Institute for Mesoamerican Studies, University of Albany In Where Did the Eastern Mayas Go? Brent E. Metz explores the complicated issue of who is Indigenous by focusing on the sociohistorical transformations over the past two millennia of the population currently known as the Chorti Maya. Epigraphers agree that the language of elite writers in Classic Maya civilization was Proto-Cholan, the precursor of the Maya languages Chorti, Cholti, Chol, and Chontal. When the Spanish invaded in the early 1500s, the eastern half of this area was dominated by people speaking various dialects of Cholti and closely related Apay (Chorti), but by the end of the colonial period (15241821) only a few pockets of Chorti speakers remained. From 2003 to 2018 Metz partnered with Indigenous leaders to conduct a historical and ethnographic survey of Chorti Maya identity in what was once the eastern side of the Classic period lowland Maya region and colonial period Chorti-speaking region of eastern Guatemala, western Honduras, and northwestern El Salvador. Today only 15,000 Chorti speakers remain, concentrated in two municipalities in eastern Guatemala, but since the 1990s nearly 100,000 impoverished farmers have identified as Chorti in thirteen Guatemalan and Honduran municipalities, with signs of Indigenous revitalization in several Salvadoran municipalities as well. Indigenous movements have raised the ethnic consciousness of many non-Chorti-speaking semi-subsistence farmers, or campesinos. The regions inhabitants employ diverse measures to assess identity, referencing language, history, traditions, rurality, blood, lineage, discrimination, and more. Where Did the Eastern Mayas Go? approaches Indigenous identity as being grounded in historical processes, contemporary politics, and distinctive senses of place. The book is an engaged, activist ethnography not on but, rather, in collaboration with a marginalized population that will be of interest to scholars of the eastern lowland Maya region, indigeneity generally, and ethnographic experimentation.