Working Women, Entrepreneurs, and the Mexican Revolution

In the 1890s, Spanish entrepreneurs spearheaded the emergence of Crdoba, Veracruz, as Mexicos largest commercial center for coffee preparation and export to the Atlantic community. Seasonal women workers quickly became the major part of the agroindustrys labor force. As they grew in numbers and influence in the first half of the twentieth century, these women shaped the workplace culture and contested gender norms through labor union activism and strong leadership. Their fight for workers rights was supported by the revolutionary state and negotiated within its industrial-labor institutions until they were replaced by machines in the 1960s. Heather Fowler-Salaminis Working Women, Entrepreneurs, and the Mexican Revolution analyzes the interrelationships between the regions immigrant entrepreneurs, workforce, labor movement, gender relations, and culture on the one hand, and social revolution, modernization, and the Atlantic community on the other between the 1890s and the 1960s. Using extensive archival research and oral-history interviews, Fowler-Salamini illustrates the ways in which the immigrant and womens work cultures transformed Crdobas regional coffee economy and in turn influenced the development of the nations coffee agro-export industry and its labor force.