Archives in the Digital Age

Abderrazak Mkadmi holds a PhD in Information and Communication Sciences from the University of Paris 8, France, and is a Research Professor at the Higher Institute of Documentation (Manouba University, Tunisia).

• Preface ixIntroduction xiChapter 1. Digital Archives: Elements of Definition 11.1. Key concepts of digital archives 11.1.1. Archives 11.1.2. Archive management 21.1.3. Archival management tools 41.1.4. Digital archives 71.2. Electronic Records Management 71.2.1. ERM: elements of definition 71.2.2. ERM: implementation steps 101.3. Records management 181.3.1. Structure of standard 15489 191.3.2. Content of the standard 201.3.3. Design and implementation of an RM project according to the standard 221.3.4. MoReq: the added value of RM 251.4. EDRMS: merging ERM and RM 261.5. ECM: the overall data management strategy 271.6. Conclusion 30Chapter 2. Digital Archiving: Methods and Strategies 312.1. Introduction 312.2. Digital archiving: elements of definition 312.3. Digital archiving: the essential standards 342.3.1. NF Z 42-013/ISO 14641 standard 362.3.2. NF 461: electronic archiving system 382.3.3. OAIS (ISO 14721): Open Archival Information System 392.3.4. ISO 19905 (PDF/A) 422.3.5. ISO 30300, ISO 30301 and ISO 30302 series of standards 442.3.6. ISO 23081 442.4. Methodology for setting up a digital archiving process 462.4.1. Qualifying and classifying information 462.4.2. Classification scheme 472.4.3. Retention schedule or retention standard 512.4.4. Metadata 522.4.5. Archiving processes and procedures 552.5. Archiving of audiovisual documents 582.5.1. Definition of audiovisual archives 582.5.2. Treatment of audiovisual archives 602.5.3. Migration of audiovisual documents 622.5.4. Digital archiving of audiovisual documents 632.6. Email archiving 652.6.1. Email archiving and legislation 662.6.2. Why archive emails? 672.7. Conclusion 69Chapter 3. Archives in the Age of Digital Humanities 713.1. Introduction 713.2. History of the digital humanities 723.2.1. “Literary and Linguistic Computing”: 1940–1980 723.2.2. “Humanities computing”: 1980–1994 743.2.3. “Digital humanities”: since 1994 773.3. Definitions of the digital humanities 783.4. Archives in the age of the digital humanities 803.4.1. Digital archive platforms 813.4.2. Software managing digital archives 843.4.3. Digital humanities at the heart of long-term preservation 893.4.4. Digital humanities and the liberation of the humanities: access and accessibility 1073.5. Conclusion 112Chapter 4. Digital Archiving and Big Data 1134.1. Introduction 1134.2. Definition of Big Data 1154.3. Big Data issues 1194.4. Big Data: challenges and areas of application 1204.5. Data archiving in the age of Big Data 1224.5.1. Management and archiving of Big Data 1224.5.2. Big Data technologies and tools 1254.5.3. Blockchain, the future of digital archiving of Big Data 1374.6. Conclusion 147Chapter 5. Preservation of Archives versus the Right to be Forgotten 1495.1. Introduction 1495.2. Forgetting 1505.3. The right to be forgotten 1505.3.1. Limits to the right to be forgotten 1505.3.2. European Directive on the protection of personal data 1515.3.3. General Data Protection Regulation 1535.3.4. The right to dereferencing: common criteria 1565.4. Effectiveness of the right to be forgotten 1565.4.1. Technical challenge of the effectiveness of the right to be forgotten 1575.4.2. Legal challenge of the effectiveness of the right to be forgotten 1605.5. The right to digital oblivion: a controversial subject 1635.6. Public archives versus the right to be forgotten 1655.6.1. Archives: exemptions from the right to be forgotten 1675.6.2. Online publication of archives and finding aids containing personal data 1685.6.3. Private digital archives and the right to be forgotten 1715.6.4. Web archiving and the right to be forgotten 1725.7. Google and the right to be forgotten 1735.8. Conclusion 178Conclusion 181List of Acronyms 185References 193Index 207