Cold and Chilled Storage Technology

Inbunden, Engelska, 1997

Av C.V.J. Dellino, C. V. J. Dellino, Clive Dellino

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A comprehensive survey of the design, construction and operation of cold stores and their relevance to the distribution chain. Changes to the previous edition include coverage of CFC issues, the wider use of ammonia, low charge systems, compact heat exchanges and secondary refrigerants, and more detail on the technologies and practicalities of specific aspects of cold storage depots - from the handling of road vechicles to the design of facilities.

Produktinformation

Utgivningsdatum1997-07-31
Mått155 x 235 x 24 mm
Vikt699 g
FormatInbunden
SpråkEngelska
Antal sidor334
Upplaga2
FörlagChapman and Hall
ISBN9780751403916

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Tillverkningsteknik inom Naturvetenskap och teknik

1 The cold storage chain.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Bulk stores and associated services.- 1.3 Distribution depots.- 1.4 Distribution vehicles.- 2 Controlled atmosphere storage.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 History.- 2.3 Definitions.- 2.4 Produce storage conditions.- 2.5 Ethylene.- 2.6 Pre-storage chemical treatment.- 2.7 Storage rooms.- 2.8 Expansion bags.- 2.9 Store leakage specifications.- 2.10 Refrigeration.- 2.11 Humidity and water loss.- 2.12 CA machinery selection.- 2.13 Oxygen removal.- 2.14 Carbon dioxide removal.- 2.15 Ethylene removal.- 2.16 Instrumentation.- 2.17 Gas sampling systems.- 2.18 Store atmosphere control.- 2.19 Automatic control.- 2.20 Regulations.- 2.21 Safety.- 2.22 Store operating practice.- 2.23 Distribution of CA produce.- 2.24 Future developments.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 3 Automated cold stores.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 ‘Push’ model supply chain.- 3.3 ‘Pull’ model supply chain.- 3.4 Tools and barriers.- 3.5 Changing expectations.- 3.6 Changing technology.- 3.7 Base level cold/chilled considerations.- 3.8 Case-handling technologies.- 3.9 Unit load technologies.- 3.10 Future technologies.- 3.11 Case handling HDDS.- 3.12 Unit load HDDS.- Reference.- 4 Refrigerant choice and energy use.- 4.1 General background leading up to the adoption of CFCs.- 4.2 Ozone depletion and global warming.- 4.3 Total equivalent warming impact.- 4.4 Temperature glide.- 4.5 Refrigerant nomenclature.- 4.6 HCFCs as interim solutions.- 4.7 HFCs as the original long-term solution.- 4.8 Environmental problems associated with HFCs.- 4.9 Natural refrigerants and ‘not in kind’ technologies.- 4.10 Absorption.- 4.11 Air-cycle refrigeration.- 4.12 Water vapour.- 4.13 Carbon dioxide.- 4.14 Hydrocarbons.- 4.15 Ammonia.- 4.16 Secondary refrigerants.- 4.17 Refrigerantsbeyond the crisis.- 4.18 Indirect global warming and energy conservation.- 4.19 Energy conservation for cold stores.- 4.20 Conclusions.- 5 Store insulation.- 5.1 Historical background.- 5.2 Modern developments.- 5.3 Insulation materials.- 5.4 Insulation applications.- 5.5 Types of cold store panel.- 5.6 Present-day design criteria.- 5.7 Internal pressure relief valves.- 5.8 The importance of vapour seals.- 5.9 Thermal bowing.- 5.10 Construction methods.- 5.11 Underfloor heating.- 5.12 Specification for internal floor finishes.- 5.13 Insulated doors.- 5.14 Erection plant.- 5.15 Technical data.- 5.16 Regulations and standards.- 5.17 Current development trends.- 6 Cold store doors.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Air infiltration.- 6.3 Door construction.- 6.4 Automation.- 6.5 Controls.- 6.6 Installation.- 6.7 Protection.- 6.8 Special doors.- 6.9 Safety and maintenance.- 6.10 Conclusions.- 7 Refrigeration plant.- 7.1 Introduction.- 7.2 Refrigeration systems.- 7.3 Power comparisons and running costs.- 7.4 Use of waste heat.- 7.5 Defrosting methods.- 7.6 Monitoring and controls.- 7.7 Maintenance.- 7.8 Current development trends.- 7.9 Safety and quality.- 7.10 Reacting to the environmental challenge.- 8 Electrical installations.- 8.1 Introduction.- 8.2 Electricity: the starting point.- 8.3 Control systems: computerised refrigeration.- 8.4 Lighting: comfort and safety.- 8.5 Alarm systems: protecting life and property.- 8.6 Cold store installations: specific requirements.- 8.7 Conclusion.- 9 Racking systems.- 9.1 Introduction.- 9.2 Standards.- 9.3 Basic unit of storage.- 9.4 Storage concepts.- 9.5 Comparisons of racking systems.- 10 Mechanical handling.- 10.1 Today’s market.- 10.2 Cold store operation.- 10.3 Trucks for all reasons.- 10.4 Lifecycle cost-efficiency.- 10.5 Casestudies.- 10.6 Ergonomics.- 10.7 Communications.- 10.8 Rental benefits.- 10.9 The future.- 11 Vehicle movement and loading bay design.- 11.1 Introduction.- 11.2 Vehicle movement.- 11.3 Loading dock height.- 11.4 Temperature control.- 11.5 Buffers, restraints and doors.- 11.6 Ancillary equipment.- 11.7 The loading bay as a total package.- 11.8 The total package loading bay.- Further reading.