Give Me Eighty Men

With eighty men I could ride through the entire Sioux nation. The story of what has become popularly known as the Fetterman Fight, near Fort Phil Kearney in present-day Wyoming in 1866, is based entirely on this infamous declaration attributed to Capt. William J. Fetterman. Historical accounts cite this statement in support of the premise that bravado, vainglory, and contempt for the forts commander, Col. Henry B. Carrington, compelled Fetterman to disobey direct orders from Carrington and lead his men into a perfectly executed ambush by an alliance of Plains Indians. In the aftermath of the incident, Carringtons superiorsincluding generals Ulysses S. Grant and William T. Shermanpositioned Carrington as solely accountable for the massacre by suppressing exonerating evidence. In the face of this betrayal, Carringtons first and second wives came to their husbands defense by publishing books presenting his version of the deadly encounter. Although several of Fettermans soldiers and fellow officers disagreed with the womens accounts, their chivalrous deference to womens moral authority during this age of Victorian sensibilities enabled Carringtons wives to present their story without challenge. Influenced by these early works, historians focused on Fettermans arrogance and ineptitude as the sole cause of the tragedy. In Give Me Eighty Men, Shannon D. Smith reexamines the works of the two Mrs. Carringtons in the context of contemporary evidence. No longer seen as an arrogant firebrand, Fetterman emerges as an outstanding officer who respected the Plains Indians' superiority in numbers, weaponry, and battle skills. Give Me Eighty Men both challenges standard interpretations of this American myth and shows the powerful influence of female writers in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.