Shaping Light in Nonlinear Optical Fibers

Inbunden, Engelska, 2017

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This book is a contemporary overview of selected topics in fiber optics. It focuses on the latest research results on light wave manipulation using nonlinear optical fibers, with the aim of capturing some of the most innovative developments on this topic. The book’s scope covers both fundamentals and applications from both theoretical and experimental perspectives, with topics including linear and nonlinear effects, pulse propagation phenomena and pulse shaping, solitons and rogue waves, novel optical fibers, supercontinuum generation, polarization management, optical signal processing, fiber lasers, optical wave turbulence, light propagation in disordered fiber media, and slow and fast light. With contributions from leading-edge scientists in the field of nonlinear photonics and fiber optics, they offer an overview of the latest advances in their own research area. The listing of recent research papers at the end of each chapter is useful for researchers using the book as a reference. As the book addresses fundamental and practical photonics problems, it will also be of interest to, and benefit, broader academic communities, including areas such as nonlinear science, applied mathematics and physics, and optical engineering. It offers the reader a wide and critical overview of the state-of-the-art within this practical – as well as fundamentally important and interesting – area of modern science, providing a useful reference which will encourage further research and advances in the field.

Produktinformation

Utgivningsdatum2017-04-21
Mått168 x 241 x 36 mm
Vikt1 089 g
FormatInbunden
SpråkEngelska
Antal sidor504
FörlagJohn Wiley & Sons Inc
ISBN9781119088127

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List of Contributors xiiiPreface xvii1 Modulation Instability, Four-Wave Mixing and their Applications 1Tobias Hansson, Alessandro Tonello, Stefano Trillo, and Stefan Wabnitz1.1 Introduction 11.2 Modulation Instability 21.2.1 Linear and Nonlinear Theory of MI 21.2.2 Polarization MI (PMI) in Birefringent Fibers 71.2.3 Collective MI of Four-Wave-Mixing 91.2.4 Induced MI Dynamics, Rogue Waves, and Optimal Parametric Amplification 111.2.5 High-Order Induced mi 131.2.6 MI Recurrence Break-Up and Noise 141.3 Four-Wave Mixing Dynamics 171.3.1 FWM Processes with Two Pumps 171.3.2 Bragg Scattering FWM 181.3.3 Applications of BS-FWM to Quantum Frequency Conversion 201.4 Fiber Cavity MI and FWM 201.4.1 Dynamics of MI in a Passive Fiber Cavity 201.4.2 Parametric Resonances and Period Doubling Phenomena 231.4.3 FWM in a Fiber Cavity for Optical Buffer Applications 25References 272 Phase-Sensitive Amplification and Regeneration 35Francesca Parmigiani2.1 Introduction to Phase-Sensitive Amplifiers 352.2 Operation Principles and Realization of Phase-Sensitive Parametric Devices 362.3 One-Mode Parametric Processes 402.4 Two-Mode Parametric Processes 542.5 Four-Mode Parametric Processes 562.6 Conclusion 58Acknowledgments 59References 603 Novel Nonlinear Optical Phenomena in Gas-Filled Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fibers 65Mohammed F. Saleh and Fabio Biancalana3.1 Introduction 653.2 Nonlinear Pulse Propagation in Guided Kerr Media 663.3 Ionization Effects in Gas-Filled HC-PCFs 673.3.1 Short Pulse Evolution 683.3.2 Long-Pulse Evolution 723.4 Raman Effects in Gas-Filled HC-PCFs 763.4.1 Density Matrix Theory 763.4.2 Strong Probe Evolution 823.5 Interplay Between Ionization and Raman Effects in Gas-Filled HC-PCFs 853.6 Conclusion 89Acknowledgments 89References 894 Modulation Instability in Periodically Modulated Fibers 95Arnaud Mussot, Matteo Conforti, and Alexandre Kudlinski4.1 Introduction 954.2 Basic Theory of Modulation Instability in Periodically Modulated Waveguides 964.2.1 Piecewise Constant Dispersion 1004.3 Fabrication of Periodically Modulated Photonic Crystal Fibers 1014.3.1 Fabrication Principles 1014.3.2 Typical Example 1014.4 Experimental Results 1044.4.1 Experimental Setup 1044.4.2 First Observation of Multiple Simultaneous MI Side Bands in Periodically Modulated Fibers 1044.4.3 Impact of the Curvature of the Dispersion 1054.4.4 Other Modulation Formats 1074.5 Conclusion 111Acknowledgments 111References 1115 Pulse Generation and Shaping Using Fiber Nonlinearities 115Christophe Finot and Sonia Boscolo5.1 Introduction 1155.2 Picosecond Pulse Propagation in Optical Fibers 1165.3 Pulse Compression and Ultrahigh-Repetition-Rate Pulse Train Generation 1175.3.1 Pulse Compression 1175.3.2 High-Repetition-Rate Sources 1215.4 Generation of Specialized Temporal Waveforms 1245.4.1 Pulse Evolution in the Normal Regime of Dispersion 1245.4.2 Generation of Parabolic Pulses 1255.4.3 Generation of Triangular and Rectangular Pulses 1275.5 Spectral Shaping 1285.5.1 Spectral Compression 1295.5.2 Generation of Frequency-Tunable Pulses 1325.5.3 Supercontinuum Generation 1335.6 Conclusion 137Acknowledgments 138References 1386 Nonlinear-Dispersive Similaritons of Passive Fibers: Applications in Ultrafast Optics 147Levon Mouradian and Alain Barthélémy6.1 Introduction 1476.2 Spectron and Dispersive Fourier Transformation 1506.3 Nonlinear-Dispersive Similariton 1516.3.1 Spectronic Nature of NL-D Similariton: Analytical Consideration 1526.3.2 Physical Pattern of Generation of NL-D Similariton, Its Character and Peculiarities on the Basis of Numerical Studies 1536.3.3 Experimental Study of NL-D Similariton by Spectral Interferometry (and also Chirp Measurements by Spectrometer and Autocorrelator) 1556.3.4 Bandwidth and Duration of NL-D Similariton 1586.3.5 Wideband NL-D Similariton 1596.4 Time Lens and NL-D Similariton 1606.4.1 Concept of Time Lens: Pulse Compression—Temporal Focusing, and Spectral Compression—“Temporal Beam” Collimation/Spectral Focusing 1606.4.2 Femtosecond Pulse Compression 1616.4.3 Classic and “All-Fiber” Spectral Compression 1636.4.4 Spectral Self-Compression: Spectral Analogue of Soliton-Effect Compression 1656.4.5 Aberration-Free Spectral Compression with a Similariton-Induced Time Lens 1676.4.6 Frequency Tuning Along with Spectral Compression in Similariton-Induced Time Lens 1686.5 Similariton for Femtosecond Pulse Imaging and Characterization 1726.5.1 Fourier Conversion and Spectrotemporal Imaging in SPM/XPM-Induced Time Lens 1736.5.2 Aberration-Free Fourier Conversion and Spectrotemporal Imaging in Similariton-Induced Time Lens: Femtosecond Optical Oscilloscope 1776.5.3 Similariton-Based Self-Referencing Spectral Interferometry 1816.5.4 Simple Similaritonic Technique for Measurement of Femtosecond Pulse Duration, an Alternative to the Autocorrelator 1856.5.5 Reverse Problem of NL-D Similariton Generation 1876.5.6 Pulse Train Shaped by Similaritons’ Superposition 1886.6 Conclusion 190References 1917 Applications of Nonlinear Optical Fibers and Solitons in Biophotonics and Microscopy 199Esben R. Andresen and Hervé Rigneault7.1 Introduction 1997.2 Soliton Generation 2007.2.1 Fundamental Solitons 2007.2.2 A Sidenote on Dispersive Wave Generation 2027.2.3 Spatial Properties of PCF Output 2047.3 TPEF Microscopy 2047.4 SHG Microscopy 2057.5 Coherent Raman Scattering 2067.6 MCARS Microscopy 2077.7 ps-CARS Microscopy 2107.8 SRS Microscopy 2117.9 Pump-Probe Microscopy 2137.10 Increasing the Soliton Energy 2157.10.1 SC-PBG Fibers 2167.10.2 Multiple Soliton Generation 2177.11 Conclusion 218References 2188 Self-Organization of Polarization State in Optical Fibers 225Julien Fatome and Massimiliano Guasoni8.1 Introduction 2258.2 Principle of Operation 2278.3 Experimental Setup 2298.4 Theoretical Description 2308.5 Bistability Regime and Related Applications 2348.6 Alignment Regime 2388.7 Chaotic Regime and All-Optical Scrambling for WDM Applications 2418.8 Future Perspectives: Towards an All-Optical Modal Control in Fibers 2478.9 Conclusion 250Acknowledgments 251References 2519 All-Optical Pulse Shaping in the Sub-Picosecond Regime Based on Fiber Grating Devices 257María R. Fernández-Ruiz, Alejandro Carballar, Reza Ashrafi, Sophie LaRochelle, and JoséAzaña9.1 Introduction 2579.2 Non-Fiber-Grating-Based Optical Pulse Shaping Techniques 2589.3 Motivation of Fiber-Grating Based Optical Pulse Shaping 2609.3.1 Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) 2649.3.2 Long Period Gratings (LPGs) 2679.4 Recent Work on Fiber Gratings-Based Optical Pulse Shapers: Reaching the Sub-Picosecond Regime 2689.4.1 Recent Findings on FBGs 2689.4.2 Recent Findings on LPGs 2769.5 Advances towards Reconfigurable Schemes 2849.6 Conclusion 285References 28510 Rogue Breather Structures in Nonlinear Systems with an Emphasis on Optical Fibers as Testbeds 293Bertrand Kibler10.1 Introduction 29310.2 Optical Rogue Waves as Nonlinear Schrödinger Breathers 29510.2.1 First-Order Breathers 29510.2.2 Second-Order Breathers 30110.3 Linear-Nonlinear Wave Shaping as Rogue Wave Generator 30310.3.1 Experimental Configurations 30410.3.2 Impact of Initial Conditions 30610.3.3 Higher-Order Modulation Instability 30810.3.4 Impact of Linear Fiber Losses 30910.3.5 Noise and Turbulence 31110.4 Experimental Demonstrations 31110.4.1 Peregrine Breather 31210.4.2 Periodic First-Order Breathers 31310.4.3 Higher-Order Breathers 31510.5 Conclusion 317Acknowledgments 318References 31811 Wave-Breaking and Dispersive Shock Wave Phenomena in Optical Fibers 325Stefano Trillo and Matteo Conforti11.1 Introduction 32511.2 Gradient Catastrophe and Classical Shock Waves 32611.2.1 Regularization Mechanisms 32711.3 Shock Formation in Optical Fibers 32911.3.1 Mechanisms of Wave-Breaking in the Normal GVD Regime 33011.3.2 Shock in Multiple Four-Wave Mixing 33311.3.3 The Focusing Singularity 33511.3.4 Control of DSW and Hopf Dynamics 33611.4 Competing Wave-Breaking Mechanisms 33711.5 Resonant Radiation Emitted by Dispersive Shocks 33811.5.1 Phase Matching Condition 33911.5.2 Step-Like Pulses 34011.5.3 Bright Pulses 34111.5.4 Periodic Input 34211.6 Shock Waves in Passive Cavities 34311.7 Conclusion 345Acknowledgments 345References 34512 Optical Wave Turbulence in Fibers 351Antonio Picozzi, Josselin Garnier, Gang Xu, and Guy Millot12.1 Introduction 35112.2 Wave Turbulence Kinetic Equation 35412.2.1 Supercontinuum Generation 35412.2.2 Breakdown of Thermalization 36012.2.3 Turbulence in Optical Cavities 36512.3 Weak Langmuir Turbulence Formalism 37112.3.1 NLS Model 37212.3.2 Short-Range Interaction: Spectral Incoherent Solitons 37212.3.3 Long-Range Interaction: Incoherent Dispersive Shock Waves 37512.4 Vlasov Formalism 37812.4.1 Incoherent Modulational Instability 38012.4.2 Incoherent Solitons in Normal Dispersion 38112.5 Conclusion 384Acknowledgments 385References 38513 Nonlocal Disordered Media and Experiments in Disordered Fibers 395Silvia Gentilini and Claudio Conti13.1 Introduction 39513.2 Nonlinear Behavior of Light in Transversely Disordered Fiber 39613.3 Experiments on the Localization Length in Disordered Fibers 39913.4 Shock Waves in Disordered Systems 40313.5 Experiments on Shock Waves in Disordered Media 40713.5.1 Experimental Setup 40713.5.2 Samples 40713.5.3 Measurements 40913.6 Conclusion 412Acknowledgments 413References 41314 Wide Variability of Generation Regimes in Mode-Locked Fiber Lasers 415Sergey V. Smirnov, Sergey M. Kobtsev, and Sergei K. Turitsyn14.1 Introduction 41514.2 Variability of Generation Regimes 41714.3 Phenomenological Model of Double-Scale Pulses 42514.4 Conclusion 428Acknowledgments 429References 42915 Ultralong Raman Fiber Lasers and Their Applications 435Juan Diego Ania-Castañón and Paul Harper15.1 Introduction 43515.2 Raman Amplification 43615.3 Ultralong Raman Fiber Lasers Basics 43915.3.1 Theory of Ultralong Raman Lasers 43915.3.2 Amplification Using URFLs 44415.4 Applications of Ultralong Raman Fiber Lasers 45215.4.1 Applications in Telecommunications 45315.4.2 Applications in Sensing 45515.4.3 Supercontinuum Generation 45515.5 Conclusion 456References 45616 Shaping Brillouin Light in Specialty Optical Fibers 461Jean-Charles Beugnot and Thibaut Sylvestre16.1 Introduction 46116.2 Historical Background 46216.3 Theory 46316.3.1 Elastodynamics Equation 46316.4 Tapered Optical Fibers 46516.4.1 Principles 46516.4.2 Experiments 46616.4.3 Numerical Simulations 46716.4.4 Photonic Crystal Fibers 46916.5 Conclusion 473References 474Index 477