Tensor Properties of Crystals

The use of single crystals in scientific and technological applications has become very important in recent years. A knowledge of the variation of physical properties with crystalline direction and an understanding of the need to use different coefficients has become essential for maximizing the performance of many solid-state devices. This book demonstrates the application of tensors (a mathematical technique) to crystalline materials. Although some prior knowledge of mathematics is required, this concise introduction to the subject is written from a physical, rather than mathematical, viewpoint. The book begins with a discussion of crystal symmetry, followed by an introduction to the use of second, third and fourth rank tensors, and explains the difference between axial and polar tensors. The applications of thermal and electrical conductivity, elasticity and crystal optics are discussed in detail. Extensive use of diagrams, worked examples and problems with answers help to provide a textbook in which applications are introduced in increasing complexity, allowing the reader to progress through as far as necessary for their own needs. The book will be of interest to undergraduate and graduate students of condensed matter physics, physical chemistry, materials science, optoelectronics, electronic engineering and geophysics.