Use of High-purity Oxygen in the Activated Sludge Process

John R. McWhirter is Vice-President and General Manager, Environmental Systems Department, Linde Division of the Carbide Corporation, New York, New York.

• Background and Introduction 1. Introduction 2. Oxygen and the Bio-precipitation Process 3. Oxygen and the Activated Sludge Process 4. A Summary of EPA Efforts Evaluating Oxygen-activated Sludge Basic Process Design Considerations 5. Oxygen-activated Sludge System Process Design 6. Oxygen-activated Sludge Pilot Plant and Treatability Studies 7. Solid-liquid Separation and Clarifier Design 8. Oxygenation System Mass Transfer Design Considerations