Sexual Dimorphism of the Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis and the Amygdala

The present review summarizes the up-to-date knowledge on the sexual dimorphism of the CNS with special regard to the sexual differentiation of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST) and the amygdala (Am) in rat. The authors provide new evidence for the sexual dimorphism and differentiation of GABAergic, leucine-enkephalin-containing and parvalbumin-immunoreactive neurons in the BST and Am of the rat. Together with testing the gender differences, age-related changes in numbers of the neuronal subpopulations, mentioned above are followed. The authors' results provide morphological and immunocytochemical data that may be used for further studies on sexually dimorphic circuitry and its functional significance.